Boeing's Starliner Mission Faces Uncertain Return as Technical Issues Persist at ISS

Boeing's Starliner capsule faces issues at the ISS, delaying return to Earth for astronauts due to propulsion problems. Potential paths forward are being considered.

Boeing's Starliner capsule is currently facing problems while docked at the International Space Station (ISS). The original plans for the return of its two astronauts to Earth have been disrupted by last-minute fixes and tests. NASA has rescheduled the return three times and now has no specific return date set.

Since its liftoff on June 5, the capsule has encountered multiple challenges, including five helium leaks, five maneuvering thrusters failing, and a propellant valve not closing completely. These issues have led to the crew and mission managers investing more time than anticipated in resolving the problems during the mission.

Potential Paths Forward

Starliner can remain docked at the ISS for up to 45 days, with a possibility of extending it to 72 days if necessary. The latest targeted return date for Starliner is July 6, extending the mission from the original eight days to a month.

The problems primarily revolve around Starliner's service module, which is essential for maneuvering the capsule away from the ISS and positioning it for re-entry into Earth's atmosphere. Overheating thrusters and helium leaks, used to pressurize the thrusters, are key concerns. Test-firings while docked have provided confidence in a safe return, but tests and reviews are ongoing.

Return Procedure

Once NASA approves the return, Starliner's thrusters will be utilized to undock the capsule from the ISS and commence a six-hour journey back to Earth. The return will involve tightening its orbit before landing in the southwestern United States with the assistance of parachutes and airbags.

This mission marks Starliner's first orbital mission with astronauts, a crucial step before NASA can certify it as the U.S. space agency's second ride to the ISS. However, the ongoing challenges have resulted in significant delays, allowing SpaceX's Crew Dragon to dominate the human spaceflight market.

Despite the propulsion system issues, NASA has stated that Starliner could still bring the astronauts back to Earth in case of an emergency. If Starliner is unable to fulfill this role, one option would be for the astronauts to return aboard Crew Dragon, which has the capacity to accommodate more individuals in an emergency.

Historical Precedent

The last time a NASA astronaut needed an alternative ride home was in 2022 when Russia's Soyuz capsule encountered technical problems. Crew Dragon is considered a viable alternative if such a situation arises again.

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